Exam 2 review

How does Warschauer define access?

• Ownership of a computing device is only a part of ICT access. ICT access also requires connection to the Internet as well as the skills and understanding to use the computer and the Internet socially valued ways

What set of features and technologies describe the various industrial revolutions?

• The first industrial revolution followed the invention of the steam engine in the eighteenth century and was characterized by the replacement of hand tools by machines, mostly in small terized by the replacement of hand tools by machines, mostly in small workshops.
• The second followed the harnessing of electricity in the nineteenth century and was characterized by the development of large-scale factory production.
• The third revolution came to fruition in the 1970s with the diffusionof the transistor, the personal computer, and the telecommunications.

Define and understand the concept of informationalism.

• Informationalism represents a third industrial revolution. It has four features: the driving role of science and technology for economic growth; a shift from material production to information processing; the emergence and expansion of new forms of networked industrial organization; and the rise of socioeconomic globalization.

What are the new categories of workers? What do they do?

• In person service workers( janitors, hospital attendants, taxi drivers) routine production workters ( data processors, payroll clerks, and factory workers) symbolic analysts ( software engineers, management consultants, strategic planners)
• They may use computers or the Internet in their jobs, but the first two do so in routine ways, whereas the last make use of ICT for analysis and interpretation of data; creation of new knowledge; international communication and collaboration; and development of complex mutimedia products.

A Neighborhood Analysis of Public Library Use in New York City

GIS is the Geographical Information System.  This is useful to the researchers because it covers very small areas which helps the information to be compared.  With concentrated information, the data can be very specific therefore eliminating as many variables as possible.

It was important to consider space because a smaller area of space means more comparable information.  And, we must make sure that the area we look at is the same size population-wise, geographical-wise, etc.

The central-place theory says that libraries and other public institutions should be centrally located in a community so people can access it the easiest.  For example, a library would be most beneficial in the center of a community, by big streets and by the hub of activity.

The findings of this study are that race and education are a big factor as to who goes to the library.  White people are much more likely to go to a library than a minority.  This is once of the reasons why circulation rates are so low in ethnically diverse neighborhoods.  Also, ironically, the more educated you are, the more likely you are to go to a library because the more experience you've had with using a library.  This is a catch 22.  The researchers suggest more funding to libraries with low circulation would help to increase circulation by allowing libraries to cater not only to community needs, but also community wants.